Changes in Bacterial Composition During the Process of Decomposition
Andrea Oncoy Usnayo
Co-Presenters: Ava La Lande, Katherine Rodriguez, Keyla Cuenca, Natalie Arias
College: The Dorothy and George Hennings College of Science, Mathematics and Technology
Major: Biotechnology/Molecular Biology - STEM 5 Year B.S./M.S.
Faculty Research Mentor: Maria Gemmellaro
Abstract:
Decomposition is an ecological process that is affected by both biotic and abiotic factors (e.g., environment, climate, scavengers, insects, etc.). Even a slight change in the environment (e.g., lack of insects) can abnormally alter decomposition processes. Bacteria are among the driving forces of decay. After death, theycontinue to anaerobically digest internal tissues. Furthermore, bacterial communities can be used to estimate the post-mortem interval (PMI) as different species will be present at different stages of decomposition. Despite their role, little is known about bacterial composition during decay. Our research assesses the bacterial communities’ changes per decomposition stage. Twelve pigs were placed out in a field at Kean University (Union, NJ) and left to decompose. Tissue samples from the head, abdomen, and genitals were collected at each stage ofdecomposition. DNA was extracted and sent to sequencing for the 16S-EZ region, and the results were analyzed.