ABAWD Reinforcement and Administrative Barriers to SNAP in New Jersey

Reannin Taylor

Co-Presenters: Individual Presentation

College: College of Business and Public Management

Major: BA.MPA/HONORSPROG

Faculty Research Mentor: Jeong, Bok Gyo  

Abstract:

This study examines the impact of the reinforcement of Able-Bodied Adults Without Dependents (ABAWD) requirements on participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) in New Jersey. During the COVID-19 pandemic, temporary federal and state exemptions expanded access to SNAP benefits for many individuals and families. In September 2025, New Jersey resumed enforcing ABAWD requirements, which coincided with a decline in SNAP participation. Many individuals who enrolled during the pandemic may have limited awareness or understanding of the reinstated requirements, contributing to confusion and unexpected benefit termination. This study relies on peer-reviewed research and administrative data provided by New Jersey state agencies to examine how ABAWD enforcement affects SNAP participation, employment outcomes, and benefit retention. Existing research suggests that administrative burden, communication gaps, and reporting requirements can disproportionately affect vulnerable populations and lead to benefit loss even when eligibility criteria may otherwise be met. Using data from approximately 2018 to the present, this study analyzes changes in SNAP participation across periods of ABAWD enforcement, suspension, and re-enforcement in New Jersey. Overall, this study aims to contribute to a better understanding of how ABAWD requirements are enforced, identify issues related to miscommunication and program awareness, and highlight opportunities to improve policy implementation based on past outcomes and existing research.